Apparatus for effecting reactions.



PATENTED JAN. 21, 1908-.

{ l E. A. SPERRY.- APPARATUS FOR BPFECTING REACTIONS.

APPLICATION FILED MAR. 5, 1906.l

No. 877,245. PATENTED JAN. 21, 1908.

E. A; SPBRRY. APPARATUS POR EFPECTING REACTIONS.

APPLICATION FILED MAR. 5. 1906.

2 SHHBTSAHEET'z.

, Wvzeetsxl Jiu/enf@ r.

' 1 Eme-ak gases into reacting 5 the accompanying and theseptum and disk-reciprocating deorwhich any materia adapted to resist the particular The cover 5 is remove le, and is provided with interior passages' for Water.

Icover supports a removable hopper 7 acketed *this arrangement being nl s'rarns ELMna A. s PEnRY', or BsooxLYNfNn vY COMPANY, or naw YORK", its

A coaroaAlrIoN. or NEW YORK.-

arranarus roninsrnc'rmennac'rrons.

No. @cf/7,245..

To all whom "it 'may concern:

Be it known thatl, ELMER A. SPERRY, a citizen of the United States, residing at Brooklyn, in the county of Kings and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Ap aratus for Effecting Reactions, of which t e following is a speciication,

The object of this invention is to provide a reaction a paratus by means of which the reacting bo ies are brought into intimate and effective contact. The apparatusis y more particularly intended for bringing'solids and relation through the intermediary of a liquid capable oil dissolving Ithe A preferred form of apparatus is shown in drawings wherein- Figure 1 is a central longitudinal section of a preferred form of the reaction vessel; Fig. 2 1s a horizontal section of the same on a somewhat smaller scale on line 2-2 of'Fig. 1, the septum and reciprocating devices being removed;A Fig. B--is a side elevation on. the same scale/as FigwZ, parts being broken away,

vices removed; and Fig. 4 is a detail section of one of the gas connections.

1 represents a relatively shallow vessel which may be constructed of cast iron, lead, ma be constructed of or lined with reagents to be used. 'The body of the vessel ilprovided with a jacket 2 having tangential ets 3, 3 for steam or water, and an outlet 4,

found to insure a substantially even heatl or cooling effect.

The

as shown at 8 for heating the contents theretherein. Charging means 11 located above the f hopper are preferably provided" with means, indicated at 12, vfor heating the incoming material.

13 is a septum, suitably supported within the vessel, and' illustrated as a horizontal ring-shaped disk, spaced from the walls ofthe vessel at its perip ery. and having a central a erture 14.' A hollow shaft i5" extends t rough a stuilng-box 16 in the cover and carries at its lower end arms 17 supporting an Bpeccation of Letters Batent. Application liled March 5.1906. Serial No. 304.415.

Patented .15.11.21, moa.

annular disk .18 to which are secured-.lifting and stirring blades 19. These blades are preferably two in number and are opposltely dis osed,

' et er with the conformation of the blades,

eing to produce a wave action at. the surface loi the liquid, the purpose of which is to ex-` ose an extende'dsurface oi the same as herematter more fully explained. The blades extend approximatel to the bottom of the vessel and are; forwar ly inclined in the direction of movement in such manner as to exert alifting action on its li uid or solid contents; the outer ends of the b backward as shown, the design being such as to insure ane ual distribution of the mate-- `rials with whic they come in contact. The blades serve to impart to theliqnid contents the effect of this arrangement, tel ades may be curved of the vessel a movement oi circlation which in the particular form of device ill' strated is loutward beneath the' disk 13 and inward The disk 13 may be carried by the shaft 15 and rotate therewith if desired. Between the blades 191 preferably mount agitating devices, the purpose of which is to maintain finely divided solid mattei` in suspension in the circulating liquid,

above the same.

and. to agltate it violently in contact therewith. shown inclined blades 20 mounted near the bottom of the vessel and .adapted to the cur` vature of the same, carried by a shaft 21 supported in a bearing in a lug 22 on the disk 18. A gear .23 secured to the blades 20 meshes with a stationary gear 24 carried by'a fixed shaft 25 disposed within `the rotating shaft 15. Asthe agitating devices, `of which two are shown, revolve with the disk 18 they ro` tate in their bearings 22 in the direction in-4 dicated Ab the arrows and thoroughly agitate the liqui and commingle the solids therewith.v The effect of this arran ement is to maintain solids even when of -re atively hi h specific gravity in suspension in the qui L Above the septum 13 I prefer to mount a. perforated disk 26 and -to provide means for As one form of agitating device I have recil'irocatin the same in a vertical direction,

the means s own com rising aplurality ofl rods 27 of which one on y is shown secprcd to the disk 26 and extending through stuffing boxes 28 in the cover; downward movement.'

is imparted to the disk by a lever 29 actuated by a cam 80 on the shaft 15; a spring 31 serves to return the disk to its upper posi'- 't1on. vThe disk 26 serves to maintain the solids in ysuspension in the portion ofthe liquid above the .septum 13, Vand further `serves td support a. plurality of strips or pieces of wire-gauzeyor equivalent .fabric or pervious structure 32, the function of which is to lftthe liquid above its normal level and to expose extended' surfaces of the same to the action of the gas in the upper portion of the vessel. The character and material of the li uid-exposing devices 32 will depend upon (ghe materials treated; they should be substantially unattacked by the gas or; the solvent liquid, and should possess'au'ch structure as to be ca able te retaining by capillarity a Elm of .t e liquid, thereby' exposing' both surfaces thereof,i .for absorption of the gas. Perforated sheets or fabrics, whether metallic or othe 'this purpose.

In order to improve the intimacy of con tact betweengas and liquid I prefer to direct the former'ia a restricted ath above the latter, and for this purpose provide bailles ise'may be available for or depending partitions 33 extending .trans- `across the vessel and adapted to be verse -'sealedy by the liquid therein. The arrangement of the baifies is such as to direct the gas in a -tortuous ath between the inlet and outlet 46, 47. n addition to their function in directing the gasthe 'artitions 33 coperate with the circulatin lades 19, in that they are in position to e wetted by the waves vproduced by these blades, thus exposing a constantly renewed li uid surface to the gas.

34 represents a disc iarge valve closing the upper end of the discharge conduit 35; the latter is illustrated as of special construction, comprising an angular cross 36 of. which the lower aperture carries a stufling box 37 for the valve stem 38, While one of the lateral apertures carries a removable plug 39 forv convenience in cleanin The stem 38 may be reciprocated throng the stuffing box for operating the valve, and carries at its lower `end a handle 40 by means of which the valve maybe rotated for the pur ose of grinding it to its seat or for clearing it om matter Whlch would interfere with its seating. This feature is of particular value in valves for the discharge of finely divided solid matter.

In Fig. 4 I have'shown in detail a prel ferred form of gas connection, comprising a pipe 41 having anv upwardly inclined outer end 42, a removable closure 43 therefor, and a branch pipe44 for the gas.. The purpose of the upward inclinationof the ends'is to permit inspection or cleanin of the pipe 41 without danser of loss of t e liquid contents of the vesse 'At 45 I have shown a heats insulating coveringfwhich is applied to the gas outlet pipe and which serves to prevent condensation or separation therein of any volatile reactionproducts; by properly covering said ipe I find that I am enabled to substantie y prevent clogging of the same,

' prising a relatively shallow vessel, a horizonas, fr,inst`ance', by the separation of luydratedstanniechlorid inthe production of stan'rnc. chlorid as hereinafter referred to.

The liquid outlet in a vessel provided with circulating and agitatingmeans may be substantially similar 1n construction, except that a downwardly turned branch vpipe 1s provided; such outletmay be located somewhat above the normal liquid level, the wave action above referred to being sufficient for the discharge of any accumulation of liquid.

In most cases it is desirable that the as -V absorbing surfaces l ofthe liquid shoul be maintained at a lower temperature than the reaction zone where the absorbed gas is' brought into contact with the solid matter, it being well understood that absorption or .solution'of the as is more rapid` at lower temperatures. n the present construction this is provided for by means of the Waterfg, cooled cover throu h which heat is abstraet.

led not only from t e gas chamber itsellhblilr.

from the partit' ns 33 which serve as above pointed out'I as pplerriental surfaces for the exposure of films of liquid. By means of vthe jacket 2 such temperature is maintained in the region of reaction as is most favorable under the particular conditions,

hile my apparatus is capable ofgeneral application' I may mention that it is well adapted'for the production of stannic chlorid by reaction between chlorin and metallic tin or a body containing the same as set forth in my copending application Serial No. 304,328, filed March 5, 1906. It is also adapted for use in the production of metal-bearing solu tions from finely divided metals,` mattes,

-concentrates or ores, bv reacting on the same with such gases as chlorin or sulfur dioxid, the solvent liquid in such case being Water or a suitable aqueous'solution.

1. Apparatus for effecting reactions com prising a relatively shallow closed vessel,v means for circulating aliquid therein, a non, vertical septum for directing the circulation, a gas chamber above `said se tum, and means for introducing gas into sai chamber.

2. Apparatus for effecting reactions comtal septum therein, a gas chamber above said exposing an extended liquid surface to the posinor extended liqui chain er.

gas.

7. Apparatus for effecting reactions coinprising a vessel, a stirring evice therein, a

gas chamber in the upper portion of the vessel, and means for exposing and retaining l extended liquid surfaces in said gas chamber. for eiecting reactions com- S. Apparatus a stirring device therein, a

prising a vessel, gas chamber inthe upper sel, and mechanically o erated-means for exsurfaces in said gas reactions com- 9. Apparatus for efectin evice therein, a

prising a vessel, astirring gas chamber in the upperportion of the vessel, and reciprocating means -ior exposing and retaining extended liquid surfaces in said gas chamber.

10. Apparatus for eiecting reactions com.

prising a vessel, a stirring device therein, a gas chamber in the upper portion of the vessel, and means for cooling said gas chamber.

- 1l. Apparatus for effecting reactions comprising a vessel, a stirring device therein, a gas chamberin the upper portion of the vessel, means for ex osing extended liquid surfaces therein, an means for cooling said gas chamber.

12. Apparatus for-effecting reactions comprising. a vessel, a stirring device adapted to produce a Wave action therein, a gas chamber in the upper portion of the vessel, and projections in the gas chamber in positionto be immersed by the waves.

13. Apparatus for eiiecting reaction-s cornprising a vessel, a stirring device adapted to circulate the liquid and to produce a wave action therein, a gas chamber in the upper portion of the vessel, and projections in the gas chamber in position to be immersed by the waves.

cooling the cover, and projections in contact with said cover and depending into said vessel.

15. Apparatus for eflccting reactions conv prising a vcssel, a stirring device tl'lcrein, u

sel, means for exposin a gas chamber in.v

i lating liquid.

portion of the ves-I i-l. Apparatus for effecting reactions comprising a vessel. a cover therefor. means forl gas chamber in the upper portion of the vesextended liquid surfaces in said gas cham er, and a covered gas passage connectin with such chamber.

16. Apparatus or elliecting reactions-.conirising a vessel, circulating means therein iaving spaced blades, and agitating devices arranged between said blades.

17. Apparatus for eliecting reactions comprising a vessel, means within said vessel for circulating a liquid, a se the circulation, and mec anically operate supplemental means for agitating the circu- 18. Apparatus for effecting reactions coniprising a circular vessel, a ring-shapeddisk iii position to be submerged in the liquid therein, and means for circulating the liquid through the aperture in the disk and around its perimeter.

19.v l Apparatusfor effecting reactions coinprising a circular vessel, a ring-shaped disk in position to be submerged in the liquidtherein, and a centrifugal device located near the disk and adapted to circulate the'liquid through the aperture in the disk and around' its perimeter. y l

20. Apparatus for eilecting reactions comrising a vessel, circulating means therein aving spaced blades, and agitating devices arranged between said blades and construct-l d to be operated through said circulating means. V g' 21. Apparatus for effecting reactions com.-

prising a vessel, and separate circulating and agitating means arranged near the bottoni of the vessel, both of said .means being provided with lifting surfaces.l

22. Apparatus for effecting reactions coinrising a vessel, a removablecover therefor,

ailles carried by said cover andprovidin a tortuous passage beneath the same, and inet and outlet pipes communicating with said passage.

23. Apparatus for effecting reactions comprising a closed vessel, tending into said vessel and adapted to be sealed by the liquid in 4the vessel, andmeans for heating said 'feeding device.

24. Apparatus for eliecting reactions comprising a closed vessel, a feeding device ex tending said feeding device, and an extension for said feeding device adapted to be sealed by the li uid in said vessel. n testimony whereof, I arlix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

.EMME-R A, SPERRY,

Witnesses:

C. W. FoWLEn, C. l). TOWNsENi).

a feeding device ex-` into said vessel, means for heating l tum for directing 

